Device for applying and removing nuts



Jn 9, 1945-' c. A. KozA 2,366,859

DEVICE FOR APPLYING AND REMOING NUTS A Filed Nov. 29, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jap. 9, 1945. c. A. KozA 2,366,859

y DEVICEFOR APPLYING AND REMOVINGNUTS Filed Nov. V29, 1 943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n Patented Jan. 9, 1945 l n `Baylor; Fon. Arr

Charles n YINGAND REMOVING `NUTS .I n I j n l Koza, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to Laura I I `M. Koza, n Rochester',` N; Y.

ApplieaumV November 29, 1943, serial Ne." 512,099 e 1o claims. .I (o1.` 81457) This'invention relatesfto a device for turning nuts onto or off of a stud bolt or the like. I

heretofore have'usually included a socket adapted `to` fbe placed over the nut, and power means for drivingthe socket. Such devices `are charactern n `Nut applying andremoving devices as known ized by several serious objections. Inthe first I place, the socket must beaccurately aligned with the nut before it can be placedthereon. `In the second place, the socket obscures the operators viewI of the nutso that it is impossible totell when the nut has been fully screwed home or fully turned off of the bolt. Itis necessary, furthermore, to `have sockets of different sizes to accomodate each different size of nut to be applied or removed. Finally, nutapplyingdevices as previously made have usually been operated at relatively low speed.`

I have invented a novel apparatus for applying or removing nuts which operates on a new principle and wholly objections.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, I

provide a rotary hammer having spaced projec- I`tions or heads adapted to engage the corners of n a nut threaded on a stud bolt and apply a turning force theretoby repeated impact. IrI'he hammer 4isprefeijably journaledin a housing provided with alforkadapted loosely to embrace the nut to be turned. The hammer is driven by a disc mounted lfor 'rotation in the housing having peripheral `recesses `accommodating impact membersadapted to strike the projections" or heads of the hammer and cause rotationthereof with the disc. I provide a reversing gear in the housing for driving the disc in either direction. 'Ihe housing is so constructed adjacent the point at which the impact members engage thehammer heads that .the former are displaced and pass by the latter in ease the hammer is stalled.

Further details, novel features and advantages of theinvention will become apparent during the overcomes the aforementioned moved longitudinally of theIshaft II..

vdown within the `sides I3 andhaving a cover I5 thereon. A sleeve I6 is threaded into a boss I 1 at the rear `side of the housing.` A shaft I1' is `journaled in bearings in the sleeve I5 and upper portio-n I4 of the housing. The shaft projects rearwardly from the sleeve for `the purpose of making h connection with a flexible shaft or any other driving means. Thrust collars I8 and I9 prevent longitudinal movement of the shaft in its bear- Y ings. Bevel gears and `2| are splined `on the` shaft Il and are adapted to be moved by a shifter yoke 22. A pin 23 extends through a slot in the side ofthe upperportionI I4` of the housing and through'I the yoke`I22 whereby the latter may be l The pin 23 has a knob 24 on the outer end thereof. f e

A shaft 25 is journaled vertically in` the bottom of the lower portion II of the housing. A bevel I gear 26 on the upper endpf the shaft'is adapted to be engaged by one `or the other of the gearsj 20 and 2I`to drive the shaft 25 from the shaft Il. The upper end of the shaft 25 has a bearing in a Ihub 21 formed `integral with the upper portionI I ofI the housing and connected thereto by radial r ribs.

holes 29 therethrough in which balls "38 are received. Asshown in Figure 4,Ithe balls rest on n' `the bottom I2 of the lower portion II of `'the following complete description and explanation I which refer to the accompanying drawings illus- I trating the aforementioned preferred embodifmentI In the drawings, 1` r n `Figure 1 is aplan view; e r

Figure 2 is a side elevation;

section along the planeof line 3-3 of Figure 2, with a part removed; I I

Figure 4 is a longitudinalsection taken along `the plane of -line 4`4 of Figure 1;.

r `Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken along the `plane `Online 5--5 of Figure f4; and r I Figure Sis a transverse section taken along the plane of line 6-6 of Figure 5. I

1` Referring n ow in detail to the drawings, the

" I `Figure 3 is a view partly in plan and partly in apparatus of my invention `comprises a housing III including alovver` portion IIy havingfa bottom `l2 and 'sdes I3 andan upper portion I4 fitting housing. The balls thus travelaround with the disc when the latter is driven byeitherA of the gearsZIl :and 2| meshing with the gear `2,5.`

Arotaryhammer `3I is jouraled on a vertical shaft 32fsecured adjacent the forward side'of the lower portion `III of the housing. The latter `isslotted as shown at 33 to permit radial projec` In I tions or heads 34 on the hammer to emergefsuccessively from the housing and then re-enter it. As shown in Figure 5, the heads34 are engaged successively by the balls 3D on rotation of the` r disc 28.

The balls constitute impactumernbers which drive the hammer by blows imparted successively to the several heads thereof. The lower side of the upper portion I4 of the housing is recessed at .35 adjacent the point at which the Iballs engagethe heads `3ll`;"thus if fthe hammer is stalled, the ball about to strike the inwardly disposed head rides up over the latter` and passes by it, as shown in Figure 6. The s=des of the heads are` beveled at 36Uto facilitate this ac-` tion. The displaceable balls thus provide a yieldable connection `between the `driving disc 28 and the rotary hammer 3|.

-A fork 31 projects forwardly from thebottorn I2 `of the lower portion II of the housing and is adapted` loosely `to embrace anut to be operatedby the driving device of my invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Inusing the Ide'vic, it is grasped by the sleeve I which affordsa .convenient handle, and caused to'approach the nut to be turned until the hammer hea'dsfengage AIdisc 28 keyed on the shaft-,725 has peripheral the corners of the nut, as shown in Figure l. The shifter pin 23, of course, is first positioned to cause `the, reversing `gear `constituted by the three bevel gears to drive the hammer .in the desired direction. Repeated blows of the hammer heads on the nut corners exert a turning force on thenut and rapidly screw it home or loosen it and turn it off of the bolt.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the invention provides a simple yet eicient device for applying and removing nuts. The :device has numerous advantages over apparatus known previously for performing a similar function. Since the device applies turning ,force to a nut by repeated impact engagement with the corners thereof, there is no socket to be placed over the nut requiring accurate alignment therewith. The invention also 'permits the operator to have a yfull view oi' the nut at all times so he can observe the progress onto or off of the bolt. By dispensing With a socket for receiving the nut, I avoid the necessity kfor ya separate socket foreach size of nut. My invention is Well adapted to high speed operation, in fact, 'is' 1. A device for applying and removing nuts K comprising a'housing, a rotary 'hammer having spaced projections journaled in said housing, an opening in the side of the housing through which said projections extend successively on rotation of the `hammer to engage the corners of a nut .as the housing `is moved toward it, to apply a turning force to the nut, and means in the housing for driving vthe hammer including a 4reversing gear.

I2. A nut-tightening and loosening device com- I prising a housing, a Vrotary hammer journaled therein having spaced 'heads which vemerge successively from the housing and then re-enter i'tto repeatedly strike the` corners of a nut ad.- jacent the housing to apply a turning force thereto, means for driving said fhammen'and a slip connection vbetvveen the driving-means and the hammer.

3. Amit-tightening and loosening device comprising a housing, a rotary hammer journaled therein having spaced 'heads which emerge successively from the housing and then re-enter it to repeatedly strike the corners of a nut adjacent `the housing to apply a turning force thereto, and means for driving the hammer including a disc rotatably mounted in said housing and displaceable impact members carried by said disc adapted to strike said heads.

4. A nut-tightening and loosening device comprising a housing, a rotary hammer journaled therein having spaced heads which emerge successively from the 'housing and then re-enter it to repeatedly strike the corners of a nut adjacent the housing to apply a turning force thereto, and means for driving .the hammer including a disc rotatably mounted .in said housing having circumferentially spaced peripheral recesses adapted loosely to embrace a nut being engaged with dis-placeable impact .memberstherein adapted :to strike said heads.

'5, .A nut-tightening and loosening device comprising a housing, a rotary hammer ,journaled yshaft and a reversing gear. '7b

therein having spaced heads which emerge successively from' the housing and then re-enter it lto repeatedly strike the corners -of a nut adjacent the fhousing to apply a turning force thereto, and means for driving the hammer including a disc rotatably mounted in said housing having Vmeans ,retaining said impact members,

said retaining means being relieved in the region in which said members engage said heads.

6. A nut-tightening and loosening device vcomprising a housing, a rotary hammer journaled therein having spaced heads which emerge successively from 'the `housing and then re-enterit to repeatedly strike the corners of a nut adjacent the housing to apply a turning force there-- to, 'a disc mounted Vin said housing for ,rotation about an axis parallel to that of the hammer, said disc having displaceable impact members adapted to strike the hammer heads in turn, said housing having a recess in the region of engagement between said members andthe hammer heads permitting 'the members to move past one of the heads on stalling of the hammer.

7. A nut-tightening and loosening device comprising a housing, a rotary hammer journaled therein having spaced heads which emerge successively from the housing and then re-enter 'it to repeatedly strike the corners of a nut adjacent the housin-g to apply a turning force thereto, means for driving said hammer, and a guide fork extending laterally from `the housing in the region Where the heads emerge therefrom,

by the heads.

'3. A nut-tightening and loosening device comprising a housing, a rotary hammer journaled therein having spaced headswhich emerge successively from the housing and then re-enter it to repeatedly strike the corners of al nurl adjacent the housing to apply a turning force thereto, a disc mounted in said housing for rotation, the edge of the dis-c overlying the path of said heads and having displaceable impact members carried thereby adapted successively to strike said heads, and a recess in the 'housing permitting said members to pass by a head on stalling of the hammer.

9. A device for applying and removing nuts comprising a housing including a bottom and sides, a shaft upstanding on said-bottom, `a rotary hammer journaled on said shaft having spaced heads, a slot in said side through which said heads emerge successively to strike a nut and re-enter the housing, a second shaft opstanding from said bottom, a driving disc on said second shaft having peripheral holes therethrough, the edge of said dis-c overlapping the path of said heads, balls in said holes adapted to strike said heads in turn, and a reversible drive for projections extending 'beyond the periphery .of

the housing in apart of their path so that on rotation of the hammer the projections are adapted to strike the corners of anut; to apply a turning force thereto as the housing is advanced toward the nut, and .means in ,said housing for driving said hammer including a drive v A. 'Koza l. 

